On the evening of 12 September 2001, less than 24 hours after the attacks, the Allies invoked the principle of Article 5. The European participants wanted to ensure that the United States would automatically come to their assistance should one of the signatories come under attack the United States did not want to make such a pledge and obtained that this be reflected in the wording of Article 5. Each country will consult with the other members, bearing in mind that the ultimate aim is to “to restore and maintain the security of the North Atlantic area”.Īt the drafting of Article 5 in the late 1940s, there was consensus on the principle of mutual assistance, but fundamental disagreement on the modalities of implementing this commitment. It is therefore left to the judgment of each individual member country to determine how it will contribute. It is not necessarily military and depends on the material resources of each country. This assistance is taken forward in concert with other Allies. This is an individual obligation on each Ally and each Ally is responsible for determining what it deems necessary in the particular circumstances. With the invocation of Article 5, Allies can provide any form of assistance they deem necessary to respond to a situation. on the forces, vessels, or aircraft of any of the Parties, when in or over these territories or any other area in Europe in which occupation forces of any of the Parties were stationed on the date when the Treaty entered into force or the Mediterranean Sea or the North Atlantic area north of the Tropic of Cancer.”.
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